The Construction of Europe essays

The Construction of Europe essays Exogenous factor shaping economic growth continent wide was the great power conflict. Countries falling for geographical and other reasons within the U.S. and Soviet spheres of influence felt strong pressure to adopt the same form of economic organization as their dominant partner. And how they organized their economies was the most important determinant of Western European societies subsequent economic performance. In the immediate post-World War II period, Europe remained ravaged by war and thus susceptible to exploitation by an internal and external Communist threat. In a June 5, 1947, speech to the graduating class at Harvard University, Secretary of State George C. Marshall issued a call for a comprehensive program to rebuild Europe. Fanned by the fear of Communist expansion and the rapid deterioration of European economies in the winter of 1946-1947, Congress passed the Economic Cooperation Act in March 1948 and approved funding that would eventually rise to over $12 billion for the rebuilding of Western Europe. The Marshall Plan generated a resurgence of European industrialization and brought extensive investment into the region. It was also a stimulant to the U.S. economy by establishing markets for American goods. Although the participation of the Soviet Union and East European nations was an initial possibility, Soviet concern over potential U.S. economic domination of its Eastern European satellites and Stalins unwillingness to open up his secret society to westerners doomed the idea. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the U.S. Congress would have been willing to fund the plan as generously as it did if aid also went to Soviet Bloc Communist nations. Thus the Marshall Plan was applied solely to Western Europe, precluding any measure of Soviet Bloc cooperation. Increasingly, the economic revival of Western Europe, especially West Germany, was viewed suspiciously in Moscow. Economic historians have debated th...

Tips for Learning Irregular Verb Conjugations in Spanish

Tips for Learning Irregular Verb Conjugations in Spanish Learning the Spanish conjugation of verbs can seem cumbersome for those of us who are native English speakers. Most forms of English verbs vary little, we often add a -s or -es in the third-person singular and add -ed for the simple past tense. In Spanish, by comparison, verbs undergo many changes. If you can unlock the key to verbs, then you can unlock the key to the language. Regular verbs, meaning verbs with three common endings, -ar, -er and -ir that are conjugated or change the same way according to their ending, can take on 16 different forms due to changes in tense, mood or inflection. Irregular verbs, may seem even more insurmountable. Irregular verbs can have more than 50 different patterns. What follows are some handy tips for handling irregular verbs. Thankfully, there are few patterns that emerge that can help Spanish learners grasp irregular verb changes. Irregular Verbs Are Common Since many irregular verbs are commonly used, it will not take long until the irregular forms come naturally. English provides a good example of this. The English verb, to be, is perhaps the most commonly used verb in English. Its conjugation is irregular, too. Am, is, are are all forms of the verb. In Spanish, the verb to be, has two forms that are both irregular. Lets look at one form, ser, which is the permanent form. The conjugation  is not regular, and like English, the forms must be memorized. An example of ser  translated into the indicative, present tense is soy, meaning am,  eres, meaning are and  es, meaning is.   Irregular Verbs Can Follow Regular Patterns A number of verbs with an e in the stem change to an -ie- form when that syllable is emphasized. Thus calentar becomes calienta, comenzar becomes comienza  and perder becomes pierde. All follow a similar pattern in certain conjugations. In some ways, when you learn one irregular verb you will also learn dozens more. Irregular Verbs Have Many Similarities Many irregular verbs have similarities, most notably, verbs that are irregular in the future tense are irregular in the same way in the conditional form. For example, decir, to tell,  becomes dirà ­a in the first-person conditional and dirà © in the first-person future. Another example of this  is hacer, to do, becomes  harà ­a in the first-person conditional and  harà © in the first-person future. In these examples, for decir, the -ec- in the stem turns into -ir- and for hacer, the -ac- in the stem turns into -ir-. The ending gets dropped and gets conjugated according to the regular ending changes in the conditional and future tense for -ir and -er. Look at Pronunciations Some verbs are irregular only in their spelling. A good example of this is the verb  sacar, meaning to take out,  which  becomes saquà © in the first-person preterite.  If sacar  was conjugated using the regular -ar verb change, it would be sacà ©, which is not a Spanish spelling. It looks and  sounds incorrect in Spanish. This skill will take some  time to acquire since pronunciations will start to look or sound incorrect the more a speaker practices Spanish. Most Used Irregular Verbs Irregular Verb Meaning Ser or Estar To be Haber or Tener To have Hacer To do Decir To say, to tell Sentir To feel Poner To put Seguir To follow Ir To go Ver To see Saber To know Querer To want Dar To give

Duties as a Field Grade Officer over the next 10-Years of Your Carreer Essay

Duties as a Field Grade Officer over the next 10-Years of Your Carreer - Essay Example The enemies will never show pity and mercy so to avoid any such circumstances the field officers must be the worthy leaders who can lead there teams, platoons and battalions to victory1. Being a field officer I personally feel and know how important this assessment could be, not only for the nation but also for us personally. As we all are aware that the world is getting modernized and so to remain on top of our game we must be well equipped and intact with all these modern necessities. If we compare the military with business industry there are quite a bit of similarities. In business to evaluate an employee’s performance different feedback processes could be used like the 360 degree model or the graph evaluation process. Likewise in the military a performance evaluation test like leader evaluation assessment and development will help a field grade officer like me to identify my mistakes and moreover correct them out. It will furthermore aid me help my colleagues in a proper manner where I will be able to give an honest feedback. Having around 10 to 15years in serving the nation assessments like these on continuous basis will support leaders like us to be near perfect by eradicating our mistakes or bad habits. Today defending the country has been more of an information work rather depending on manual work. The art of war has become more technical and technology based so we must not shy from courses like leader assessment and development as it will soon become an integrated part of military world. Field officers are automatic leaders as the platoons or teams come under them so such courses will be very useful in giving training2. Moreover being a good captain, leader is always everyone’s desire and that is also one of mine. Courses like this will help me become an inspirational leader and will help me lead others with zeal and exuberance. This will aid me and will help me out in boosting my confidence. Furthermore when seniors will find my work im pressive and notice my exuberance it will be quite likely for me to step up the ladders as that could help me get promotion. It is going to be a complete turnaround as once field officers will become great leaders by such courses the field officer position will become more competitive, the leader assessment and development course will become more famous and it will end favourable for our military. A leader development and assessment program would help me become a complete leader. A leader not only works for himself but he has to look for the benefit of his group also so it is actually a selfless job. Courses like this will aid me in making the right decisions in tense situations, even in cases of ambiguity and chaos I will be cool as a cucumber. This is only possible if I am developed as a leader and so it explains why it is imperative for me to be a part of the course. Furthermore it is a good saying that a good leader always leaves behind his successor equally good or maybe better so the system keeps running. In my next 10 to 15 years I will have this thing in mind and if the bar for me as a leader will be raised it will surely help me be a better leader which will eventually pave the way for me to leave behind great successors. Leader assessment and development will give me a better eye to identify the rightful successors that will be future leaders. Such programs will also help me to train more efficiently. Getting training in such program sees me having a relaxed retirement after 15 years

Unemployment Halts Globalisation (Pros and Cons) Essay

Unemployment Halts Globalisation (Pros and Cons) - Essay Example Unemployment Halts Globalisation (Pros and Cons) The fourth section before the conclusion will discuss the pros and cons of the fact that unemployment halts globalization. Unemployment With reference to the writings by Stringham and Workman (2004), they wrote that unemployment is a situation whereby people who are willing and able to work are not able to work since they do not have employment opportunities. The causes of unemployment are classified into two categories that include transitional unemployment causes and structural unemployment causes (Stone and McCraw, 2009). Under transitional causes, it is stated that unemployment is caused by temporary reasons such as; Turnover of unemployment whereby people leave their jobs to take up other jobs Casual unemployment which occurs on employees who are engaged as casual workers Seasonal unemployment, which is experienced in an industry that faces seasonal demand for its goods and services. Under structural causes, Layard et al. stated that unemployment is caused by structural changes in the economy such as: †¢ Economic depression, which normally results in low demands of goods and services meaning that employment opportunities diminishes †¢ Technological changes causes unemployment to a group of employees who are not fully conversant with the operational use of the newly introduced technology †¢ Rural to urban migration, which results in urban unemployment Other causes of unemployment include: †¢ Overpopulation †¢ Lack of capital †¢ Lack of proper training and education †¢ Lack of occupational specialisation ... s, local governments, and citizens of different countries, with investments and international trade acting as the driving force and is catapulted by information technology is known as globalization. Greenaway et al. (2008) further added that the integration and interaction of different economies and people of different economy has a very huge impact on the political system of these countries that integrate and interact as their cultures, environment, economic success and development are also greatly affected by globalization Godinot (2012) wrote in his book that the main distinctive characteristic of globalization is capitalism as it promotes self-sufficiency and reliance on individuals in order to enable them to become masters of their own destiny. Jagdish (2004) on his part stated that globalization is mainly concerned with making people and the market free. In addition, it is a system that allows economy to grow without any interference and with the assumption that there is no pov erty and the main pillars or building blocks of globalization constitute of technology, economy, market, and capital. The relationship between unemployment and globalisation From the causes of unemployment that were listed above it can be stated that the impact of globalization also contribute to unemployment, in the sense that Dreher et al. (2005) stated globalization is facilitated by high advanced technology and relocation of people from rural areas to urban areas, which has been touted as one of the causes of unemployment. On the other hand, Nadeem (2009) stated that increased levels of unemployment result in lower demands of goods and services, which means that both local and foreign goods and services will not experience high demand thereby, mostly limiting foreign companies from

Humane Migration for Citizens Around the World Essay -- Refugees, Pro

Studies have been conducted on the definition of humane migration and how to achieve this in countries around the world. However, contradictory studies have been found to show that many people are displeased with the rate people are migrating as the years proceed. To understand how both of these viewpoints affect the IOM and their work with countries around the world, both viewpoints should be taken into consideration. This paper examines the studies that are for humane migration around the world to propose that additional research needs to be conducted to better understand the viewpoints these authors are making. Literature Review The book Globalization: The Making of World Society by Frank J. Lechner written in 2009, explores the dimensions of globalization and the debated issues that surround it. Lechner argues that globalization involves people becoming connected through a sharing of ideas and cultures. This sharing of ideas and cultures is what humane migration aims to do. Lechner claims that globalization involves interdependence of people around the world and that citizens need to work together, regardless of their nationality. Frank J. Lechner has a PhD in sociology and has published three books about globalization and the world society. This book is fairly recent and was published in 2009. Its ideas of globalization are up to date and include statistics and research from previous years. Lechner seems to present an unbiased opinion throughout most of his book, but because some of the book is based off of his personal beliefs, some bias seems to be inevitable. Human migration could be executed by using Lechner’s ideas of globalization forcing people to become interdependent on each other. IOM could simplify its multi... ... Print. Koser, Khalid. "Introduction: International Migration and Global Governance." Global Governance (2010): 301-15. Web. 2 May 2014 Lechner, Frank J. Globalization: The Making of World Society. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. Print. Munck, Ronaldo. "Globalization, Migration and Work: Issues and Perspectives." Labour, Capital & Society 43 (2010): 155-77. Web. 2 May 2014. Thomas, Chantal. "What Does the Emerging International Law of Migration Mean for Sovereignty?" Melbourne Journal of International Law 14 (2013): 392-450. Web. 2 May 2014. Rodriguez, Robyn Magalit. Migrants for Export: How the Philippine State Brokers Labor to the World. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota, 2010. Print. Zapata-Barrero, R., and A. Pecoud. "New Perspectives on the Ethics of International Migration." American Behavioral Scientist 56.9 (2012): 1159-164. Print.

Cell Phone Speech

Good afternoon my friends. Before I start it, I want all of you to remember when we were on elementary school. Have youbrought cell phone to school? If you have, what type of cell phone that you brought? Is it a black andwhite cell phone? Or maybe you've brought colorful cell phone? For me, in elementary school, Ihaven't brought cell phone. But I'm sure that now all of you have brought cell phone to anywhereyou go, so do I. This afternoon, I'd like to discuss about the effect of cell phone for us as universitystudents.To start it, I'll tell you about the common function of cell phone, after that I'll tell about theadvantages and disadvantages, and then its bad and good effect for university student. Finally, I'llgive my own perspective in the end of my speech. First, I'll talk about the function of cell phones. I'm sure that all of you have known that the functionof cell phone is for communication. As we know that nowadays most of people in this world,especially teenagers, can't live without cell phones.It is shown by data fromPew Research Center'sInternet & American Life Project (Lenhart, Ling, Campbell, & Purcell, 2010)that 75% of 12? 17-year-olds own cell phones. Cell phone is different with telephone. If a telephone just used for calling, acell phone can be used for calling and texting. In this era, cell phone's texting has become a basiccommunication between people, especially for teens. More over, for teens who still given money bytheir parents will choose texting than calling, because the fact is texting is cheaper than calling.Thisday, there are many types of cell phones, and most of that new brand cell phones are completedwith internet connection. So, we can not just texting and calling, but we can emailing, surfing, orsharing something through internet in cell phone. Next, every gadget in this world exactly has advantages and disadvantages. Now, I'll tell you aboutthe advantages and disadvantages of cell phones. Because we are Medical Faculty students , so I'lltell the advantages of cell phones that related to health. Do you know that cell phone can help us totake care our healthy? Ya, cell phone can do it.We can communicate with a nutrition advisor orsearching about healthy life style with cell phone. I have an experience about it. Yesterday, I was sick,and with cell phone I can call my sister, so she can bought me some medicines. And everyday, mymom always remembering me to drink my medicine, so I can be health again like now. Beside theadvantages, cell phones also has disadvantages. Related to health, cell phones can make eye strainbecause of lack of sleep. Cell phone also can disturb mental health, for example someone can bebullying through cell phone texting and that can make mental be down.The last thing I wanna tell to all of you is the effect of cell phone for us as university student. I'm surethat everyone in here have your own cell phone, right? I'm also sure that your cell phone give someeffects that change your behavi or. One of that effect is dishonesty. Center on Media and ChildHealth in 2007states that The Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 39% of cell usersages 18-29 say they are not always truthful about where they are when they are on the phone.Iagree with that statement because sometimes I do that too, especially if I am on the phone withsomeone who I hate. I'll lie to her/him because I hate them. Yeah something like that. But rememberone important thing : Don't ever lie to your parent! Maybe next time all of you will find and feel theother effect from cell phone by your self. Now, I wanna end my speech here. One sentence from me,a thing will be a good thing if the person who wear that thing is good. So, let be a good person tomake all the things better.

The 5 Determinants of Economic Demand